Glossary Guide
Words of Honor* is a glossary that collects the technical terminology of dueling practice found in the sources from the project's reference period (cf. the Sources and Studies section). The terms are thus captured synchronically in their specialized usage. It is important to emphasize that only the dueling-related meaning derived from the analyzed texts is provided, omitting earlier or later meanings (for example, uomo d’onore—man of honor—will denote a ‘duelist or gentleman’ and not a ‘mafioso’)
In the Search the Glossary section, you can perform a free-text search across all fields of the entries. The text string search is case-insensitive and does not distinguish between accented and unaccented characters. You can use the wildcard character * to broaden your results: for example, the string duell returns not only duello and duelli, but also duellante, duellatore, duellatrice, duellomania, and so on.
The Parola 1 field allows you to search for a single word or string. For a simple search, simply fill in this field. You can also search for two words or strings simultaneously by filling in the "Parola 2 field and selecting one of the available operators: AND: returns entries containing both search terms. OR: returns entries containing at least one of the two search terms. OR NOT: returns entries containing the first word while excluding those that contain the second. For example, by entering duell in Parola 1 and a second term in Parola 2, the chosen operator allows you to narrow, broaden, or filter the results based on the presence of both terms.
Below is a sample entry (fields preceded by an asterisk are optional)
Lemma + POS + Definition
*E: Etymology
*D: First occurrence
*V: Variants
*TC: Competing terms
Attestazioni: Principal attestations in the reference corpus
*S: Lexical Note
*Note: Linguistic annotations or general notes
Lemma: The lemma is in bold, followed by the part of speech and the definition. If the definition is taken from a reference work, this is indicated in parentheses.
E: Etymology. If the etymology is taken from a reference work, this is indicated in parentheses following the etymological entry.
D: Date of first attestation. This field indicates the date of the term's first recorded use, followed by the lexicographical source from which it is taken, in parentheses.
For exemple: D: 1880 (GRADIT)
In the case of antedating, this is indicated by an "R" following the date. The earliest date proposed by reference works is then provided, separated by a hyphen.
For exemple: D: 1860 R - 1880 (GRADIT).
If the term is not recorded or not dated in the reference works, this addition is indicated with IL (integrazione lessicografica / lexicographical addition). Whenever an antedating or a lexicographical addition is present, the source is specified in field N (Notes), unless the source is already included among the attestations listed in field A.
V: Variants. This field indicates any formal variants: e.g., under the entry padrino, patrino is listed.
TC: Competing terms. This field indicates any competing terms that have their own separate entry. For example: under the entry secondo, secondante is listed.
Attestations: Principal attestations in the corpus. This field lists, in chronological order, the main attestations of the term found within the reference corpus, including their respective sources. The extensive space dedicated to these attestations—though they represent only a selection of the total occurrences—provides the reader, including non-specialists, with a clearer picture of the cultural climate of the period.
S: Lexical Note. If available, a cross-reference is provided to the in-depth entry where the term is discussed or appears.
Note: This field is reserved for various types of annotations: from recording the antedatings indicated in field D to lexicographical comments and observations, which are less extensive than the entries found in field S.
Abbreviations
Listed below are the abbreviations for the reference works that the reader may encounter while consulting the glossary.
DEI = Carlo Battisti-Giovanni Alessio, Dizionario etimologico italiano, Firenze, Barbera, 1950-57;
DELI = Dizionario Etimologico della Lingua Italiana di Manlio Cortelazzo e Paolo Zolli, Bologna, Zanichelli, 1979-1988 (2a ed. a cura di Manlio Cortelazzo e Michele A. Cortelazzo, ivi, 1999 con CD-Rom);
EVLI = Alberto Nocentini, con la collaborazione di Alessandro Parenti, L’Etimologico. Vocabolario della lingua italiana, Firenze, Le Monnier, 2010;
GDLI = Grande Dizionario della Lingua Italiana, fondato da Salvatore Battaglia, Torino, Utet, 1961-2002 (Supplemento 2004 e 2009, a c. di Edoardo Sanguineti);
GRADIT = Grande Dizionario Italiano dell’Uso, diretto da Tullio De Mauro, Torino, UTET, 1999 con CD-Rom (Nuove parole italiane dell’uso, 2003; Nuove parole italiane dell’uso, II, 2007);
TB = Dizionario della lingua italiana nuovamente compilato da Niccolò Tommaseo e cav. Professor Bernardo Bellini..., Torino, Unione Tipografica Torinese, 1861-1979;
TLFi = Trésor de la Langue Française informatisé, ‹http://www.atilf.fr/tlfi›, ATILF - CNRS & Université de Lorraine;
TLIO = Opera del Vocabolario Italiano, Tesoro della lingua italiana delle origini [fondato da Pietro G. Beltrami; consultabile on line ‹http://tlio.ovi.cnr.it/TLIO/›].
*The glossary is constantly being expanded and updated